An Israeli undercover policeman points his gun at a Palestinian man while his colleagues arrest a Palestinian (unseen) during clashes following traditional Friday prayers near the Old City in East Jerusalem on Friday. Photo: AFP

Israeli fire pushed the Palestinian death toll in Gaza to above 800 Friday, as the US and UN pressed Israel and Hamas to agree a humanitarian cease-fire and thrash out a durable truce.

In the West Bank, demonstrations began as Palestinian factions declared a "Day of Rage" after a night of clashes over Israel's Gaza offensive that left one Palestinian dead.

Among the dead in Gaza on Friday were two women killed in an air strike, one of them pregnant, adding to a spiraling toll of Palestinian civilian casualties from Israel's military operation to halt militant rocket fire.

As the fighting continued on day 18 of the conflict, the Israeli army announced the death of a 36-year-old reserve soldier, bringing the toll of Israeli soldiers and officers killed in Gaza since July 8 to 33.

Hamas meanwhile announced it had fired three rockets at Tel Aviv's Ben Gurion airport, with an army spokeswoman confirming that "two rockets were shot down over metropolitan Tel Aviv."

The claim raised new fears after many US and European carriers resumed flights to the airport after a two-day suspension.

The army said militants fired 25 rockets that hit southern Israel early Friday with another 10 intercepted, bringing the number of rockets and mortar rounds from Gaza that hit Israel since July 8 to 1,870, with another 473 intercepted by the Iron Dome defense system.

International pressure on both sides to cease fire ramped up Friday after the Israeli shelling of a UN facility sheltering displaced Gazans killed at least 15 civilians.

Israel's security cabinet was to meet Friday to discuss a truce proposal passed to Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu by US Secretary of State John Kerry, Israeli media reported.

It proposes an initial week-long humanitarian cease-fire that would allow Hamas to save face after having rejected an Egyptian initiative last week that proposed a truce first and negotiations later.

Turkish Foreign Minister Ahmet Davutoglu flew to Qatar on Friday to help efforts after Kerry reached out to Hamas allies Ankara and Doha to push for a cease-fire.