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Chief executives from carmakers to consumer giants sound surprisingly similar when talking about the future. Artificial intelligence, machine learning and automation crop up, as does the challenge of finding staff qualified to carry out such grand strategies. That gives an unlikely back-office function the power to make or break tech-driven ambitions in 2020: human resources.

It's usually a department with limited scope, performing the grunt-work of hiring, setting workplace-conduct policies and policing unacceptable behavior. At a more senior level, it also involves devising compensation packages to encourage and reward service - sometimes to excess.

The focus is shifting. Over four-fifths of corporate executives and HR bosses surveyed by Randstad Sourceright expect artificial intelligence and robotics to create employment opportunities. Mentions of AI rose almost fivefold between 2012 and 2017 on the earnings calls of non-tech New York-listed companies, reckons Stanford University's AI Index.

Yet hiring the best tech talent pits, for example, Walmart - whose job website lists almost 700 vacancies for software developers - against Alphabet and Amazon. The median annual salary for a US software developer with five years' experience is over $100,000. CEOs outside of finance, who are not used to paying handsomely for junior staff, have to get comfortable with higher wage bills.

Companies also face frequent battles to stop employees decamping elsewhere. Software firms have higher staff turnovers than those in other sectors, LinkedIn found. CEOs hoping to attract and keep coders may therefore have to offer more appealing benefits, like Dropbox's unlimited vacation, or assistance paying off student loans, or better parental leave. Appealing to millennials' much-hyped sense of social responsibility might also work. Ford Motor could pitch that working on self-driving cars is more beneficial to society than building new phone software. Procter & Gamble can talk up the kudos of creating environmentally friendly shampoo.

Yet CEOs will also have to accept that tech-savvy staff increasingly want multiple job changes, rather than long stints at one firm. That means the hunt for good coders may be endless, and that hiring the right hirers will become the most crucial job in 2020.

The author is Antony Currie, Reuters Breakingviews columnist. The article was first published on Reuters Breakingviews. bizopinion@globaltimes.com.cn